Background
Gail Borden came to Texas as a colonist of Stephen F. Austin. He and his brother stated the first permanent newspaper in Texas and eventually became interested in making food for frontier families. He invented a method for making condensed milk that was pure and long-lasting by using a vacuum pan to heat the milk at a lower temperature.
Source: Mind Missions: Fourth Grade
Mission
In order to make condensed milk, Borden needed an airtight container known as a vacuum pan. It helped him remove water from the milk without burning it. Can you make something that is airtight? It must be able to hold 1 cotton ball and keep it dry when it is submerged in water for 30 seconds.
Materials
